For the Indian people, there is no real large-scale power outage, because for them, power outages may be a common occurrence, and they have already prepared mentally. This time, power outages occurred in eight northern Indian states, and 370 million people were in the dark, resulting in infrastructure paralysis. The power outage may be due to the difficulty of the power grid carrying high loads, but the Indian government has no clue about this.

　　Can the development of smart grids and new energy effectively alleviate power shortages in India, which has been plagued by chronic power shortages? Of course, we still need to wait for the government to investigate this accident before answering this question, but there is no doubt that more power grid monitors and sensors can better ensure the operation of the power grid.

　　It cannot be denied that India needs to improve its power grid in many places. The chaotic power grid system, power shortage, and severe power generation losses all constrain the supply of electricity in India. In addition, data shows that technical and non-technical power losses have accounted for 20% to 50% of India's total electricity generation. As a populous country in the world, India's energy demand poses a significant challenge.

　　Just like the United States and China, more than half of India's electricity comes from coal-fired power plants, but from India's perspective, recent coal supply shortages have pushed up coal prices. Meanwhile, the recent lack of precipitation in India has further reduced the contribution of hydropower to the power grid, typically accounting for 19% of India's electricity generation. Due to the hot weather and an increase in air conditioning users, India, which is in the peak period of electricity consumption, has a shortage of electricity supply, with the difference reaching 9%. The inefficiency and waste in the power industry have brought a heavy burden to India. According to data from The Wall Street Journal, India's fragile infrastructure has already dragged down its annual GDP growth rate. In recent years, India's economy has grown rapidly, and economic growth cannot tolerate any oversight in power supply. Therefore, ensuring the normal operation of power equipment is particularly crucial. Although backup diesel generators can solve urgent problems, this is not a long-term solution, and their inefficient and environmentally polluting characteristics will also bring more negative consequences. The insufficient construction of the power grid has actually created more possibilities for the development of India's smart grid. Indeed, microgrids can help India's power grid become intelligent in the short term, especially for new energy generation. Microgrids provide a new way to use solar and wind energy. Wind, light, and other energy sources are sometimes unavailable, which brings many difficulties to the grid. If energy storage equipment is added, it can increase the stability of the conventional grid and alleviate the peak pressure on power companies. The microgrid is further advanced than emergency backup systems and independent solar panels, as it integrates various energy and storage devices through special software and power electronics technology, providing 24-hour uninterrupted power outage even on cloudy days or when diesel engines are restricted by regulations.

　　In addition, compared to diesel power generation with backup power, microgrids have many advantages. The microgrid uses various sources of electricity, which makes the power source more reliable. Even if the diesel supply is cut off one day, at least these microgrids can still provide electricity within a certain range.

　　Currently, India has also taken action against smart grids. IBM has launched a large-scale smart grid analysis system project for the Energy Efficiency Authority of India. According to IBM, there are still many problems that India needs to overcome in developing smart grids, mainly due to the severe aging of the grid and the need for large-scale government investment to accelerate grid transformation. From the demonstration projects, there has been some progress in India's smart grid, and the Indian government led smart city plan is steadily progressing.

　　In addition, the updating of power grid equipment is also ongoing. In March of this year, Siemens announced a $24.3 million contract with the Indian government to provide monitoring, control, data collection, and power grid management systems to eight cities in India. This is mainly to enable the power grid sensors to detect faults in a timely manner, directly repair power outages, and prevent the occurrence of electricity theft. Indian computer network companies are also developing technologies to support the development of solar projects and small-scale microgrid construction.

　　But connecting India's six major power grids requires billions of dollars, and this funding is currently not in place. Although the Indian government has held relevant meetings regarding this issue, it is usually only a matter of thunder, rain, and little. In March of this year, the Indian government announced plans to invest $100 million in the construction of smart grids. But since then, the Indian government has reduced its earlier commitment of $1 trillion in infrastructure improvement investment, making the fate and future of India's smart grid financing uncertain.

　　Microgrids have brought more possibilities to India's solar industry, and India is expected to become a hot spot in the solar market in the future. However, the lack of grid infrastructure will still be a major constraint. Phoenix Solar's Chief Operating Officer, Mori Cameron, stated that India's high-voltage grid is relatively stable, but the low-voltage grid is poor.

　　In fact, solar power can play an important role in India's future energy system, as it is rich, practical, and economical. Although the intermittency of solar power generation remains a problem, battery storage can help solve these problems. Regardless, distributed solar solutions can provide supplementary power, making energy supply more secure.

　　In recent years, renewable energy in India has developed rapidly. Currently, renewable energy accounts for 12% of India's total installed capacity, with a total installed capacity of 25 gigawatts, with wind power accounting for the vast majority. During the 2012-2017 planning period, the Indian government plans to increase its installed capacity by 30 gigawatts. India will invest $50 billion in renewable energy development over the next five years, including $19 billion in wind energy and $25 billion in solar energy.

　　Microgrids can solve the grid connection problem of solar energy, and India has gradually become the center of off grid solar power generation. It is expected that by 2016, its annual added capacity will exceed 1 gigawatt. One-third of the population in India lacks electricity, making it more possible for rural areas to use microgrids. India has 300 days of sunshine per year, which is very conducive to the development of solar energy. The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy predicts that by 2022, the proportion of off grid solar energy in India's total installed capacity will be close to 1%, increasing from the current 80 megawatts to 4000 megawatts. In the future, hospitals, factories and other buildings in India can also rely on new energy for power generation, which can reduce the pressure on the power grid during peak electricity consumption periods, increase the proportion of solar power generation, and develop energy storage systems that will effectively alleviate India's power shortage problem.

　　The Indian government hopes to vigorously develop solar energy in the future, but currently, India's economy also faces significant challenges. In terms of solar energy, there are issues with subsidies and electricity repurchase sales prices in various Indian states. Even if India wants to develop solar energy in the future, there is still a long way to go.